Achurum

Achurum species are distinguished by their extremely slender, elongate bodies and long, narrow heads—features that give them the common name 'toothpick grasshoppers.' The head is often pointed or carinate (keeled), and the body is cylindrical rather than robust. Species within the genus can be differentiated by details of head shape, pronotal structure, and wing length. Achurum carinatum has a distinctly keeled head; A. minimipenne has reduced wings; A. sumichrasti shows intermediate proportions.

Species occur in open, dry habitats including grasslands, prairies, and clay or sand exposures. Achurum minimipenne is associated with the Tamaulipan thornscrub region. Achurum sumichrasti has been observed in Arizona grasslands. Substrates often include lichen-encrusted rock or clay surfaces where crypsis is effective.

Recorded from the southern United States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Oklahoma, Texas, Arizona) through Mexico (northeastern and central regions) to Costa Rica. Distribution varies by species: A. carinatum ranges more broadly; A. minimipenne is restricted to the Tamaulipan region of Texas and adjacent Mexico; A. sumichrasti occurs from Arizona southward.

Achurum sumichrasti has been observed exhibiting strong crypsis, remaining motionless to blend with surrounding vegetation and substrates. When disturbed, individuals may fly short distances, revealing hind wings that contrast with the cryptic forewings.

• ProrocoryphaAlso called 'toothpick grasshoppers' and share the slender body form; distinguished by differences in head shape and male genitalia.
• LeptysmaAnother genus of slender grasshoppers with similar habitat preferences; Achurum differs in head structure and wing venation.

• grasshopper
• cryptic coloration
• slant-faced
• North America
• Mexico

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• Catalogue of Life
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