Tortoiseshells
Nymphalis
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Lepidoptera
- Superfamily: Papilionoidea
- Family: Nymphalidae
- Subfamily: Nymphalinae
- Tribe: Nymphalini
- Genus: Nymphalis
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Nymphalis: //nɪmˈfælɪs//
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Images
Summary
Nymphalis, also known as tortoiseshells or anglewing butterflies, is a genus of brush-footed butterflies characterized by their cryptic wing coloration and pattern. They are primarily found in temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, where they have adapted to overwinter as adults and blend into their environments.
Physical Characteristics
Anglewing butterflies are characterized by a cryptic silhouette and distinctive colorations and patterns on the ventral side of both wings.
Identification Tips
The butterflies of the genus Nymphalis can be identified by their unique wing shapes and coloration, which often help them blend into their environment when their wings are closed.
Habitat
Northern Hemisphere in temperate and boreal regions, often found in areas where their host plants are abundant.
Distribution
Primarily found in the Northern Hemisphere, with approximately 3 species in North America north of Mexico; N. cyanomelas is found only in Mexico.
Diet
Larvae primarily feed on Betulaceae, Salicaceae, and Ulmaceae. Adults prefer plant sap, fermenting fruit, and carrion over nectar from flowers.
Life Cycle
The anglewing butterflies overwinter as adults and may produce one to several broods per year depending on species and region.
Reproduction
Details on the specific reproductive habits are not mentioned, but general behavior involves laying eggs on host plants suitable for larvae.
Predators
Potential predators include birds and other natural predators that may be able to see the butterflies, especially when they are not camouflaged.
Ecosystem Role
As herbivores in their larval stage, they play a role in controlling plant populations. Adults may also serve as prey for various predators.
Evolution
Nymphalis evolved from a common ancestor and are considered to be closely related to the genus Vanessa, from which they diverged.
Misconceptions
There has been some debate regarding the classification of Nymphalis and its related genera, with some taxonomists proposing the distinctness of certain genera. However, molecular studies suggest that distinctions may not be warranted.
Tags
- Nymphalis
- anglewing butterflies
- tortoiseshells
- Lepidoptera