Prominent Moths

Notodontidae

Classification

Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Superfamily: Noctuoidea
Family: Notodontidae

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Notodontidae: /ˌnoʊtoʊˈdɒntɪˌdiː/

These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.

Images

Hapigia directa by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.

Hemiceras angulata by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.

Notela jaliscana by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.

Skaphita crocea by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.

Eunaduna cerurata by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.

Rifargia notabilis by the Smithsonian. Used under a CC0 license.

Summary

Notodontidae, commonly known as Prominent Moths, is a family of moths characterized by heavy bodies and long wings that are folded across the back when at rest. They encompass around 3,800 known species, with diverse behaviors and appearances, particularly in their larvae, some of which possess unique defensive adaptations. Species within this family are important in various ecosystems as both herbivores and contributors to the food web.

Physical Characteristics

Moths of the Notodontidae family are typically heavy-bodied and long-winged, with wings held folded across the back of the body at rest. They are mostly grey or brown, except for the Dioptinae subfamily, which is colorful. Some species have tufts of hair on the forewings.

Identification Tips

Look for the distinctive backward-projecting tufts on the hind margin of the wings in some species. The larvae often rest with both ends raised and may exhibit bizarre shapes. Notodontidae resemble Noctuidae but are not closely related.

Habitat

Primarily found in deciduous trees and shrubs.

Distribution

Found worldwide, with a high concentration in tropical areas, especially in the New World.

Diet

Larvae typically feed on trees and shrubs; the Dioptinae subfamily feeds on herbaceous plants. They usually feed on specific families of trees, but some can feed on distantly related plants.

Life Cycle

Eggs are hemispherical or spherical. Larvae are usually hairless with the potential for tubercles and spines, often resting with both ends raised. Larvae may display chemical defenses and undergo shape and color changes with instars.

Ecosystem Role

Some species can cause noticeable defoliation of host plants, playing a role in controlling tree and shrub populations.

Economic Impact

Some species are known defoliators affecting forestry and agriculture, leading to potential economic implications.

Cultural Significance

Common names of some species reflect their appearance, such as 'puss moth' and 'kittens', indicating their recognition in popular culture.

Evolution

Initially, the genus Oenosandra was placed in this family, and the Thaumetopoeinae subfamily was treated as a separate family. Recent molecular research has clarified the taxonomy of the family.

Similar Taxa

Misconceptions

Notodontidae moths are often confused with Noctuidae due to their appearance; however, they are not closely related despite the resemblance.