Macrosiphum
Macrosiphum
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Hemiptera
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- Superfamily: Aphidoidea
- Family: Aphididae
- Subfamily: Aphidinae
- Tribe: Macrosiphini
- Genus: Macrosiphum
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Macrosiphum: //mæˈkroʊˌsaɪfəm//
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Summary
Macrosiphum is a genus of aphids known for their parthenogenetic life cycle and their role as agricultural pests. They exhibit complex life cycles with both winged and wingless forms depending on environmental conditions.
Physical Characteristics
Most species are wingless; during overcrowding, winged forms are produced.
Identification Tips
Look for small, soft-bodied insects with long antennae; may observe winged forms in crowded conditions.
Habitat
Macrosiphum species are often found on a variety of plants, typically on the underside of leaves or young shoots.
Distribution
Approximately 60 species in North America, with around 140 species worldwide in various regions.
Diet
Sap-sucking; feeds on plant phloem.
Life Cycle
Life cycle includes several generations of parthenogenetic females, with males produced in the fall for reproduction.
Reproduction
Parthenogenetic reproduction predominates, with sexual reproduction occurring in the fall; eggs are laid by fertilized females and overwinter.
Predators
Natural predators include lady beetles, lacewing larvae, and parasitic wasps.
Ecosystem Role
Macrosiphum serves as a food source for natural enemies and can affect plant health by transmitting plant viruses.
Economic Impact
Can be agricultural pests, affecting crop health and yield due to their sap-sucking behavior and potential virus transmission.
Collecting Methods
- Sweep netting
- Hand collection
Preservation Methods
- Ethanol preservation
- Pinning
- Slide mounting
Tags
- Aphid
- Hemiptera
- Plant pest
- Parthenogenesis