Zophobas
Zophobas
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Coleoptera
- Suborder: Polyphaga
- Superfamily: Tenebrionoidea
- Family: Tenebrionidae
- Subfamily: Tenebrioninae
- Tribe: Tenebrionini
- Genus: Zophobas
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Zophobas: //ˈzoʊ.foʊ.bæs//
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Images
Summary
Zophobas morio, known as superworms, are larvae of a darkling beetle species used primarily as feed in the pet industry. They are notable for their size, nutritional profile, and unique ability to break down polystyrene waste.
Physical Characteristics
Larvae resemble very large mealworms, about 50 to 60 mm (1.7–2.25 in) long when full size. Their bodies are very dark at the ends, almost black. Adult beetles transition from white to light brown upon emerging from pupation, eventually darkening to black.
Identification Tips
Look for very dark ends of the larval body and the larger size compared to traditional mealworms. The adult form is a distinct darkling beetle.
Habitat
Tropical regions of Central and South America, also found in the Southern US (California, Texas, Florida) due to distribution through pet trade.
Distribution
Natural distribution in Central and South America, extends into the southernmost US (California, Texas, Florida).
Diet
Insectivorous animals such as lizards, turtles, frogs, salamanders, birds, and koi. Larvae are also known to consume expanded polystyrene foam.
Life Cycle
Larvae fail to pupate if kept at high densities with plenty of food, requiring isolation for about 7–10 days for maturation before pupation into adult beetles.
Reproduction
Not specified.
Predators
Not specified.
Conservation Status
Not specified.
Ecosystem Role
Known to degrade polystyrene waste through chewing and bacterial action in their gut.
Economic Impact
Widely used as pet feed in the reptile and insectivorous pet industries and for waste disposal agents to break down polystyrene foam.
Cultural Significance
Commonly known as superworms, they are seen as a convenient source of food for captive insectivores due to their nutritional profile and ease of care.
Health Concerns
Potential allergic reactions have been noted from ingestion or inhalation; thorough handling precautions are advisable due to their biting behavior.
Evolution
Not specified.
Similar Taxa
Misconceptions
Some believe superworms hibernate like mealworms, but they do not.
Tags
- Zophobas
- superworm
- darkling beetle
- pet feed
- waste disposal