Lomechusini
Fleming, 1821
Lomechusini is a tribe of () within the Aleocharinae. The tribe contains approximately 202 organized into two subtribes: Lomechusina and Myrmedoniina, plus several genera of uncertain placement. It includes the relatively large genus Zyras, though most genera are small. Members are myrmecophilous, meaning they live in association with .
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Lomechusini: //loʊˌmɛˈkjusɪnaɪ//
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Identification
Lomechusini can be distinguished from other Aleocharinae tribes by their myrmecophilous , though specific morphological characters vary by . The tribe's relies on a combination of tarsal structure, abdominal gland , and antennal characteristics. Definitive identification to tribe level requires examination of genitalic and other internal structures.
Images
Habitat
within Lomechusini are found in nests and their immediate surroundings. They inhabit various terrestrial environments where ants occur, including soil, leaf litter, rotting wood, and other ground-level substrates.
Distribution
The tribe has a worldwide distribution, with occurring across multiple continents. Specific range varies considerably by genus.
Host Associations
- Formicidae - myrmecophileLomechusini are obligate or facultative myrmecophiles, living within colonies. The nature of the relationship ranges from to inquilinism.
Behavior
Lomechusini have been observed living within colonies, where they exploit resources and protection provided by their . Many species possess chemical or other to integrate into ant society and avoid aggression.
Ecological Role
As myrmecophiles, Lomechusini function as or commensals within colonies. Their presence represents a specialized form of -ant , though specific ecological impacts on colonies remain poorly documented for most species.
Similar Taxa
- AthetiniBoth are tribes within Aleocharinae with similar general body plans, but Athetini are generally not myrmecophilous and lack the specialized for association seen in Lomechusini.
- OxypodiniAnother Aleocharinae tribe with overlapping morphological features, but distinguished by different tarsal formulas and lack of consistent .
More Details
Classification History
The tribe was established by Fleming in 1821. The internal includes subtribes Lomechusina and Myrmedoniina, with several currently placed as incertae sedis pending further study: Apalonia, Bothronotoxenus, Daccordiusa, Ecitocala, Pella, Platyusa, and Trisporusa.
Research Status
The tribe is taxonomically diverse but many remain poorly studied. The iNaturalist platform records over 2,600 observations, though identification to genus or level is often challenging.