Theridion melanurum
Hahn, 1831
Theridion melanurum is a cobweb in the Theridiidae, first described by Hahn in 1831. The has a broad Palearctic distribution spanning Europe to Siberia, with additional in Macaronesia, North Africa, and the Middle East. It has been to the United States, where established populations have been documented. As a member of Theridiidae, it constructs the irregular, three-dimensional webs characteristic of cobweb spiders.
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Theridion melanurum: /ˌθɛrɪˈdiːɒn mɛˈleɪnʊˌrʌm/
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Identification
Theridion melanurum can be distinguished from other Theridion by examination of genitalic structures, particularly the male and female . Accurate identification to species level in this typically requires microscopic examination and comparison with or authoritative descriptions. The species may be confused with other small, pale Theridiidae, especially specimens or females without mature epigyna.
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Habitat
Specific preferences for Theridion melanurum are poorly documented in available sources. As a member of Theridiidae with broad geographic range, it likely occupies varied environments including vegetation, rock crevices, and human structures, though this remains speculative without direct observation records.
Distribution
range extends from Europe through Siberia; additional native in Macaronesia (Azores: Faial, Flores, Pico, São Miguel, Santa Maria), North Africa, and the Middle East. and established in the United States.
Similar Taxa
- Theridion spp.Other in the Theridion share similar small size, pale coloration, and cobweb-building habits; genitalic examination required for definitive separation
- Parasteatoda tepidariorumBoth are Theridiidae cobweb of similar size and general appearance, though P. tepidariorum is strongly associated with human structures and has a more distribution linked to human commerce
More Details
Taxonomic Note
The iNaturalist database lists Theridion melanurum as a 'complex' rather than a single , suggesting potential cryptic diversity or unresolved taxonomic boundaries within this nominal .
Introduction History
The has been to the United States, though specific details regarding timing, , and extent of establishment are not documented in available sources.