Hemipteran-honeydew-alternative

Guides

• Callirhytis balanacea

  Callirhytis balanacea is a species of cynipid wasp in the family Cynipidae, known for inducing pea-sized galls on oak trees. The species produces distinctive pip galls on oak hosts, which exude sugary secretions that serve as food sources for other insects. It has been documented as a gall-forming insect with specific ecological interactions, including serving as a food source for hairstreak butterflies that feed on gall exudates rather than nectar.

  gall-waspcynipidoak-gallforest-canopynon-nectar-feedingSatyriumhemipteran-honeydew-alternative