Scutigera

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Scutigera: /ˌskjuːtɪˈdʒɛrə/

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Summary

Scutigera coleoptrata, known as the house centipede, is a fast-moving arthropod that inhabits human homes and feeds on other pests. It exhibits unique adaptations for survival in damp environments and is often found in dark, secluded spots.

Physical Characteristics

The body is typically 25 to 35 mm (1.0 to 1.4 in) in length with up to 15 pairs of long legs. It is yellowish-grey with three dark dorsal stripes. The legs also have dark stripes. It has well-developed faceted eyes and exhibits automimicry with its tail-like hind legs resembling antennae.

Identification Tips

Look for a long, slender body with multiple pairs of legs (up to 15 pairs) and distinct yellowish-grey coloration with dark stripes. The centipede reaches speeds of 0.4 meters per second, adding to its distinct appearance during movement.

Habitat

Scutigera coleoptrata prefers cool, damp places outdoors, living under rocks, piles of wood or leaves, and in compost piles. Indoors, it is commonly found in dark, humid areas such as basements, bathrooms, garages, and hidden spots in homes.

Distribution

Indigenous to the Mediterranean region, it has spread through Europe, Asia, North America, South America, and has been introduced to Australia.

Diet

An insectivore that feeds on other arthropods such as spiders, bed bugs, cockroaches, and ants.

Life Cycle

House centipedes live for 3 to 7 years, laying eggs in the spring. The larvae resemble miniature adults, gaining legs through successive molting stages.

Reproduction

Breeding typically initiates in the third year. Males and females engage in a mating dance, contact via antennae, and the female uses stored sperm to fertilize her eggs.

Ecosystem Role

They play a role in controlling populations of household arthropods, acting as natural pest control.

Economic Impact

Typically considered beneficial as they help control pest populations, although they may startle residents due to their appearance and speed.

Health Concerns

While they may cause mild stings if provoked, they pose little threat to humans. Stings can result in mild localized pain and swelling, similar to a bee sting.

Evolution

The evolutionary history includes changes in body segment structure and adaptations in hemolymph that contains proteins for oxygen transport.

Misconceptions

Although they may appear threatening, house centipedes are generally harmless and help control other pest populations.

Tags

• centipede
• insectivore
• Scutigera
• house centipede
• pest control