Stone Centipedes

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Lithobiomorpha: //ˌlaɪθoʊˌbaɪoʊˈmɔːrfə//

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Summary

Lithobiomorpha, or stone centipedes, are an order of centipedes characterized by their unique body structure, including 15 pairs of legs and a prevalence of ocelli instead of compound eyes. They have adapted to a range of habitats and display a varied diet, including both carnivorous and detritivorous feeding behaviors.

Physical Characteristics

Lithobiomorpha have 15 pairs of legs and 18 body segments. Adults exhibit longer tergites at segments 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, and 14 compared to other segments. Ocelli are typically present but can be lost in cavernicolous species. Their antennae and legs are relatively short compared to Scutigeromorpha.

Identification Tips

Look for the characteristic 15 pairs of legs and alternating tergite lengths, with longer tergites on select segments. Check for the presence of ocelli which distinguishes them from other orders.

Habitat

Lithobiomorpha are found in a variety of terrestrial habitats, often in leaf litter and moist areas.

Distribution

They are widespread across the globe, with approximately 1,500 described species and an estimated 2,000 species worldwide.

Diet

Primarily carnivorous, feeding on insects, slugs, worms, and leaf litter.

Life Cycle

Lithobiomorpha exhibit anamorphic development; juvenile forms typically have fewer legs and segments compared to adults.

Ecosystem Role

As part of the soil ecosystem, they contribute to the decomposition of organic material and nutrient cycling by feeding on leaf litter and other small organisms.

Similar Taxa

• Scutigeromorpha
• Geophilomorpha

Misconceptions

Stone centipedes are not wholly carnivorous; they also feed on organic debris and smaller invertebrates.

Tags

• Lithobiomorpha
• stone centipedes
• centipedes
• Myriapoda
• anatomy