Sterrhinae

Classification

Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Superfamily: Geometroidea
Family: Geometridae
Subfamily: Sterrhinae

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Sterrhinae: /stɛˈriːnaɪ/

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Images

Summary

Sterrhinae is a diverse subfamily of geometer moths in the family Geometridae, comprising around 3,000 described species, primarily found in tropical areas. They are characterized by their small size and distinct wavy wing patterns. Larval feeding habits vary between species, with some preferring low herbs while others feed on trees. The subfamily's complex taxonomy has led to several transfers and revisions in classification over the years.

Physical Characteristics

Sterrhinae moths are often small in size, with a wing span of less than 20 mm. They are characterized by numerous wavy fasciae on the fore- and hindwings, giving them a distinctive appearance. Key synapomorphies include one or two areoles in the forewings and the absence of anterolateral extensions on the male second abdominal sternite. Dark distal spots on the wings, which may have pale centres, are also diagnostic features.

Identification Tips

Look for the wavy fasciae on the fore- and hindwings. Their smaller size and specific forewing vein structures can help distinguish them from other geometrid moths.

Habitat

Sterrhinae are mostly found in tropical regions, preferring habitats with low herbs, while some species are arboreal and inhabit trees.

Distribution

Sterrhinae are most diverse in tropical regions, with the number of species decreasing towards higher latitudes and elevations.

Diet

Larvae of many Sterrhinae species feed on low herbs, while the Cyclophora lineage includes species that are arboreal feeders.

Evolution

Sterrhinae is positioned as a sister taxon to a group comprised of Geometrinae, Ennominae, Alsophilinae, and Archiearinae based on molecular studies. It shares certain morphological and behavioral characteristics with Larentiinae, yet molecular evidence does not consistently support this relationship.

Misconceptions

Sterrhinae has historically been considered synonymous with Idaeidae, but the name Sterrhinae remains widely used. It has also been misclassified in various subfamilies, leading to incorrect associations.