Fringe-tufted Moths

Epermeniidae

Classification

Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Superfamily: Epermenioidea
Family: Epermeniidae

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Epermeniidae: /ˌɛpərˌmiːniˈaɪdiː/

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Images

Summary

Epermeniidae, or the fringe-tufted moths, is a family of small moths with distinctive features and a global distribution. They primarily feed on plants from the parsley family and are known for their unique larval biology and nocturnal habits.

Physical Characteristics

Small narrow-winged moths with a wingspan of 7–20 mm; possess conspicuous whorls of bristles on their legs; head is smoothly scaled with no ocelli or 'chaetosemata'; abdomen lacks spines unlike some similar moths.

Identification Tips

Projecting scale tufts on the inner margin of the hindwing is the easiest field character; can be confused with Stathmopodinae which have tarsi of the forelegs and midlegs without bristles.

Habitat

Epermeniidae occur worldwide in both temperate and tropical regions, especially in montane areas.

Distribution

Globally distributed with a range that includes the Palaearctic to Indo-Australia and the Pacific islands; Gnathifera occurs from Australia to New Caledonia.

Diet

Larvae feed on various plant parts including fruits, seeds, galls, leaves, or flowers; often on members of the parsley family (Apiaceae).

Life Cycle

The pupa is not extruded from the cocoon and may be found in fine open-network cocoons on plants or among debris on the ground.

Economic Impact

Epermenia chaerophyllella is noted as a pest of cultivated plants.

Evolution

Previously grouped into two subfamilies which is no longer maintained; current placement is uncertain within the apoditrysian group 'Obtectomera'.