Atherix

Classification

Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Infraorder: Tabanomorpha
Family: Athericidae
Genus: Atherix

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Atherix: //ˈæθəˌrɪks//

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Summary

Atherix is a genus of 'ibis flies' belonging to the family Athericidae, characterized by their aquatic larvae and presence in streams across the Holarctic region.

Physical Characteristics

Larvae are 12-18 mm long, distinguished by their robust shape, reduced head, paired prolegs, lateral and dorsal spines on the body, and divergent terminal fringed processes.

Identification Tips

Look for the robust shape and distinctive spines of the larvae, as well as their habitat in well-oxygenated streams or rivers.

Habitat

Larvae inhabit well-oxygenated streams and rivers; some burrow in soft sediment.

Distribution

Holarctic region, including most of the US and southern Canada.

Diet

Larvae prey on small aquatic invertebrates.

Life Cycle

Larvae live for about one year, pupate in the soil along stream banks, and emerge as adults in early summer.

Reproduction

Females deposit fertilized egg masses on tree branches overhanging streams; multiple females may lay eggs on the same mass, creating a communal structure.

Ecosystem Role

Larvae are sensitive to stream pollution, indicating good water quality, thus playing a role in the ecosystem as biotic indicators.

Cultural Significance

American Indians historically collected nutritious egg masses by dislodging them from branches to harvest for food.