Orthocladiinae
orthoclads
Genus Guides
25- Brillia
- Bryophaenocladius
- Cardiocladius
- Chasmatonotus
- Clunio
- Corynoneura(non-biting midges)
- Cricotopus(non-biting midges)
- Diplocladius
- Hydrobaenus
Orthocladiinae is a of non-biting midges (Chironomidae) commonly known as orthoclads. The subfamily has a fossil record extending to the Eocene epoch, with specimens preserved in amber from Sakhalin Island, Russia. Modern exhibit broad geographic distributions, including Arctic regions, with some showing unusual patterns and parthenogenetic .
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Orthocladiinae: //ˌɔːr.θoʊˌklæd.iˈaɪni//
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Images
Habitat
Aquatic freshwater environments including running waters (streams and rivers), lakes, and wetlands; larvae occupy diverse microhabitats within these systems. Fossil evidence from Eocene amber indicates historical presence in tropical to subtropical forest .
Distribution
Global distribution with confirmed records from: Sakhalin Island, Russia (Eocene amber deposits); Franz-Josef Land Archipelago and Vize Island, Russian Arctic; Svalbard; Canada; Alaska. Some exhibit extensive circumpolar ranges.
Sources and further reading
- BugGuide
- Wikipedia
- iNaturalist taxon
- NCBI Taxonomy
- Catalogue of Life
- Orthoclads from Eocene Amber from Sakhalin (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)
- Orthoclads from Eocene Amber from Sakhalin (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)
- 2 General Aspects of the Systematics, Biology and Ecology of the Aquatic Orthocladiinae
- The mystery of distribution of Smittia brevipennis (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)