Seven-spotted Lady Beetle
Coccinella septempunctata
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Coleoptera
- Suborder: Polyphaga
- Superfamily: Coccinelloidea
- Family: Coccinellidae
- Subfamily: Coccinellinae
- Genus: Coccinella
- Species: septempunctata
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Coccinella septempunctata: //ˌkɒksɪˈnɛlə ˌsɛptɛmˈpʌŋktətə//
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Summary
Coccinella septempunctata, known as the seven-spotted lady beetle, is a carnivorous beetle originally from Europe that has been widely introduced to North America as a biological control agent for aphids. It is characterized by its distinct red elytra with seven black spots and plays a significant role in agricultural ecosystems, although it has outcompeted some native species.
Physical Characteristics
Adults are comparatively large, measuring 6.5–7.8 mm (0.25–0.31 in), with elytra that are red in color bearing a total of seven black spots. They have a white or pale spot on either side of the head. Larvae are black with orange markings and can vary in size.
Identification Tips
Look for the distinct red elytra with seven black spots; adults may have white spots on the head.
Habitat
Meadows, fields, parkland, gardens, forests, and other habitats where aphids are present.
Distribution
Native to Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia; established populations in North America including New York, Connecticut, New Jersey, Delaware, Georgia, and Oklahoma.
Diet
Primarily feeds on aphids, but also consumes Thysanoptera, Aleyrodidae, larvae of Psyllidae and Cicadellidae, as well as eggs and larvae of some beetles and butterflies.
Life Cycle
C. septempunctata typically has one or two generations per year, with a complete metamorphosis lifecycle: eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults.
Ecosystem Role
Important biological control agent, primarily preying on aphids and contributing to ecosystem health by regulating pest populations.
Economic Impact
Used as a biological control agent against aphids in agricultural settings; however, it has also led to declines in native ladybird species in North America.
Cultural Significance
Designated as the national insect of Finland and the official state insect of Delaware, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Ohio, and Tennessee in the U.S.
Misconceptions
Misunderstandings may arise regarding its non-native status in North America and its interactions with native species.
Tags
- Coccinella septempunctata
- lady beetle
- biological control
- invasive species
- agro-ecosystem