Hippoidea

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Hippoidea: /ˌhɪpɔˈɪdiə/

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Summary

Hippoidea is a superfamily of mole crabs or sand crabs, specifically adapted to live in sandy beach environments. They possess unique physical characteristics and an evolutionary history that sets them apart from related decapod crustaceans.

Physical Characteristics

Hippoids have an almost ovoid body shape, the first pereiopods lack claws, and they possess a long telson. They are adapted for burrowing into sandy substrates.

Identification Tips

Look for the lack of walking ability as hippoids use their legs for digging; swimming is accomplished by beating their uropods.

Habitat

Sandy beaches worldwide, excluding polar regions.

Distribution

Can be found on beaches throughout the world; larvae of one species have been discovered in Antarctic waters, despite an absence of sandy habitats there.

Ecosystem Role

Hippoids play a significant role in beach ecosystems by contributing to substrate turnover and serving as prey for various coastal predators.

Evolution

Considered one of the most basal groups within the infraorder Anomura, having diverged early from related groups like hermit crabs and squat lobsters.

Similar Taxa

• Hermit crabs (Paguroidea)
• Squat lobsters (Galatheoidea)
• Hairy stone crab (Lomis hirta)

Misconceptions

Often confused with other decapodal crustaceans, people may assume they have similar walking capabilities when in reality they are adapted for burrowing.

Tags

• Hippoidea
• mole crabs
• sand crabs
• decapod crustaceans
• burrowing crustaceans