Anuroctonus
Pocock, 1893
Swollenstinger Scorpions, California Swollen-stinger Scorpions
Species Guides
2- Anuroctonus phaiodactylus(California swollen stinger scorpion)
- Anuroctonus pococki(California Swollenstinger Scorpion)
Anuroctonus is a of scorpions in the Chactidae, commonly known as swollenstinger scorpions. The genus is characterized by a distinctive swollen region on the just before the stinger, particularly prominent in mature males. The best-known , Anuroctonus pococki, occurs in the coastal ranges of Southern California and Baja California. These scorpions are ambush that construct burrows and are noted for their relatively large size compared to regional .
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Anuroctonus: /ˌænjuˈrɒktənəs/
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Identification
Distinguished from other by the characteristic swollen region on the to the stinger, a feature absent in most scorpions. The large, black-tipped and substantial body size (65 mm in A. pococki) further separate it from smaller regional . Under ultraviolet light, fluoresces bright blue to green like other scorpions.
Images
Habitat
Coastal mountain ranges; occupies burrows in soil. Females dig burrows to 60 cm depth, males to 15–20 cm. in new housing developments is often degraded, leading to temporary incursions into human structures.
Distribution
Southern California coast ranges and Baja California, North America. Anuroctonus pococki is the only of the recorded from Baja California.
Seasonality
activity pattern; specific seasonal activity period not documented in sources.
Life Cycle
Females produce 20–30 live young. Young are carried on the female's back for 5–15 days. live 2–3 years; sexual maturity reached at approximately one year of age.
Behavior
ambush . Waits in burrow for passing prey. Has been observed to sting prey immediately upon presentation and to strike at water when poured into enclosure, suggesting defensive or predatory reactivity.
Human Relevance
Mildly venomous; stings are rare, usually painful but non-serious and resolve within 24 hours. Stings may pose serious health risks to very young or elderly individuals; medical attention recommended. Occasionally enters homes in new housing developments that encroach upon natural .
Similar Taxa
- Other ChactidaeLack the distinctive swollen region characteristic of Anuroctonus
- CentruroidesSmaller body size, different , and more potent venom in some
More Details
Taxonomic note
Anuroctonus pococki contains two : A. p. pococki and A. p. bajae. The was established by Pocock in 1893; A. pococki was formally described in 2004.
Fluorescence
Exhibits blue to green fluorescence under ultraviolet light due to compounds in the , a trait shared with other scorpions.