Dobsonflies and Fishflies
Corydalidae
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Megaloptera
- Family: Corydalidae
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Corydalidae: //kɒrɪˈdælɪdiː//
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Images
Summary
Corydalidae, comprising dobsonflies and fishflies, are significant megapterous insects occurring across various regions, characterized by their aquatic larvae and distinctive adult forms. The family includes 36 genera and is noted for its ecological roles and unique life cycles.
Physical Characteristics
Wingspan varies, with some males of Corydalis cornutus reaching up to 14 cm; body size typically larger than 25 mm, long filamentous antennae, the fourth tarsal segment cylindrical, four large translucent smoky wings.
Identification Tips
Males of dobsonflies have elongated mandibles, while fishflies have more normal mandibles; look for long antennae and specific genital characteristics for species identification.
Habitat
Aquatic larvae are typically found in freshwater habitats, while adults are terrestrial and often found near larval habitats, usually illuminated during the night.
Distribution
Found primarily throughout North America, South America, parts of Africa, and Asia; includes eastern dobsonfly (Corydalus cornutus) and summer fishfly (Chauliodes pectinicornis).
Diet
Larvae feed on aquatic insects, tadpoles, and small fish; adult diet may consist of nectar and fruit juices or may not feed at all.
Life Cycle
Larvae undergo 7-8 instars over 2-5 years before entering a quiescent pupal stage on land, followed by metamorphosis into adults.
Reproduction
Mating occurs during gatherings at specific times of the year, often in impressive swarms; females lay eggs in water.
Ecosystem Role
Larvae serve as an important food source for fish and birds; adults contribute to pollination when feeding on nectar.
Economic Impact
Aquatic larvae (hellgrammites) are used as fish bait; potentially impact local ecosystems as both consumer and prey.
Cultural Significance
Summer fishfly aggregations are noted for their ephemeral swarming, similar to phenomena observed with mayflies in other regions.
Similar Taxa
- Megaloptera
- Neurocorynidae
- Sialidae
Misconceptions
Often misidentified as purely nuisance insects due to their size and swarming behavior, but they play a vital ecological role.
Tags
- Corydalidae
- dobsonflies
- fishflies
- ecology
- insects
- Aquatic insects