Ground Yellowjackets
Vespula
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Hymenoptera
- Superfamily: Vespoidea
- Family: Vespidae
- Subfamily: Vespinae
- Genus: Vespula
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Vespula: /vɛsˈpuːla/
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Images
Summary
Vespula is a genus of social wasps commonly known as yellowjackets, notable for their nesting habits and widespread distribution, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere and some introduced areas.
Physical Characteristics
Vespula species typically have a shorter oculomalar space and exhibit a more distinct tendency to nest underground compared to their sister genus Dolichovespula.
Identification Tips
Look for the characteristic shorter oculomalar space and underground nesting behavior.
Habitat
Vespula species are commonly found in a variety of habitats, often nesting underground in soil or sometimes in wall cavities.
Distribution
Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, with some species introduced in other regions such as New Zealand, Australia, South America, and Southern Africa.
Diet
Vespula are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of insects, sweets, and human food when foraging.
Life Cycle
Vespula undergoes complete metamorphosis, including egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages.
Reproduction
Reproduction occurs via fertilization, with females laying eggs in the nest. The nests can support multiple generations of wasps.
Predators
Natural predators include birds, other insects, and certain mammals that may invade the nests.
Ecosystem Role
As predators, Vespula play a significant role in controlling pest insect populations.
Economic Impact
Some species are known to be a nuisance to humans, particularly at outdoor gatherings when they become attracted to food and beverages.
Cultural Significance
Vespula species, given their aggressive defensive behavior, are often involved in cultural beliefs and cautionary tales about wasp stings.
Health Concerns
Venom from Vespula species can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, leading to potential health risks.
Collecting Methods
- Netting
- Trap baiting with meats or sugary substances
Preservation Methods
- Drying
- Freezing
Similar Taxa
- Dolichovespula
- Paravespula
Misconceptions
Many people mistakenly believe that all yellowjackets are aggressive; however, aggression typically occurs only in defense of the nest.
Tags
- Vespula
- yellowjackets
- wasps
- Hymenoptera
- insects