Campopleginae

Förster, 1869

Genus Guides

21

Campopleginae is a large, of ichneumonid wasps containing approximately 65–67 . Members are small, slender with laterally compressed , typically black or brown in coloration. The subfamily is economically significant due to its use in of agricultural and forestry pests.

Phobocampe by (c) skitterbug, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by skitterbug. Used under a CC-BY license.Dusona by (c) Judy Gallagher, some rights reserved (CC BY). Used under a CC-BY license.Dusona by (c) Owen Strickland, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Owen Strickland. Used under a CC-BY license.

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Campopleginae: //ˌkæmpoʊˈplɛdʒɪnaɪ//

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Identification

Campoplegines are distinguished from other ichneumonid by the confluence of the with the rest of the (not separated by a groove). They possess laterally compressed and are generally small and slender. Many produce distinctive black and white cocoons. within the subfamily are often poorly defined and difficult to identify.

Images

Distribution

World-wide distribution. Documented across the Palaearctic region (Europe, Asia including Mongolia and Turkmenistan), the Neotropical region (Brazil), New Zealand, and alpine environments including the Swiss Alps.

Host Associations

Life Cycle

Koinobiont endoparasitoid development. Most are solitary, with a single larva developing within the , though some species are gregarious with multiple larvae emerging from one host. Hosts are typically attacked in early larval instars while weakly concealed. Some members possess that are injected into the host during oviposition.

Ecological Role

agent of lepidopteran and other insect pests affecting crops and fruit trees. in this have been deployed against agricultural pests including alfalfa weevil, clover weevil, Heliothis species, oriental army worm, European corn borer, and larch sawfly.

Human Relevance

Used extensively in classical and programs. Specific have been mass-reared and released to suppress of economically damaging crop and forest pests.

Sources and further reading