Crabroninae
Latreille, 1802
digger wasps
Tribe Guides
6- Bothynostethini
- Crabronini(square-headed wasps)
- Larrini(square-headed wasps)
- Miscophini(square-headed wasps)
- Oxybelini(square-headed wasps)
- Trypoxylini
Crabroninae is the most diverse of Crabronidae, containing over 110 and approximately 4,800 described . Members are solitary, predatory . females exhibit diverse nesting strategies: many excavate underground tunnels, while others construct tube-like mud nests. Females hunt and paralyze prey to provision nests for their larvae.



Pronunciation
How to pronounce Crabroninae: /ˌkræbrəˈnaɪni/
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Images
Habitat
Ground-nesting prefer flat, sandy areas with sparse vegetation for tunnel excavation. Mud-nesting species utilize substrates suitable for constructing tube-like nests.
Distribution
Worldwide distribution. Documented from the Ethiopian region (South Africa, Zimbabwe), Oriental region (Sri Lanka, India), and North America.
Diet
Larvae are , fed paralyzed living prey by provisioning females. Specific prey varies by : some prey on Orthoptera (tree crickets), others on Coleoptera (leaf beetles), and others on Diptera (flies).
Life Cycle
Females construct nests prior to hunting. Nests contain 1–15 , each provisioned with paralyzed prey and a single . Larvae consume the provided prey and pupate within the nest; some construct cocoons incorporating prey remains (e.g., ).
Behavior
Solitary nesting with diverse techniques including ground tunneling and mud nest construction. Females employ specialized stinging patterns to paralyze prey: some deliver multiple thoracic stings matching prey ganglion structure, while others (e.g., Oxybelus) deliver a single thoracic sting adapted to prey with ganglia. Some use the sting for prey carriage.
Ecological Role
of various groups including Orthoptera, Coleoptera, and Diptera. May contribute to of prey .
Sources and further reading
- BugGuide
- Wikipedia
- iNaturalist taxon
- NCBI Taxonomy
- Catalogue of Life
- Comparative Nesting Behaviors of Crabro rufibasis and Crabro arcadiensis (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Crabroninae)
- Solierella turneri Dutt, 1917 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Crabroninae) from India: description of female and new distribution records
- First report of the genus Kohliella Brauns, 1910 (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Crabroninae) from India with the species K. anula Pulawski, 1991 from Kerala
- Nesting behaviour, life history and description of the mature larva of the beetle predator, Podagritus parrotti Leclercq (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Crabroninae)
- Digger wasp predatory behavior (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae): fly hunting and capture by Oxybelus uniglumis (Crabroninae: Oxybelini); a case of extremely concentrated stinging pattern and prey nervous system