Eastern Cicada-killer Wasp

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Sphecius speciosus: /ˈsfiː.ʃi.əs spəˈsi.oʊ.səs/

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Summary

Sphecius speciosus, commonly known as the eastern cicada killer, is a solitary digger wasp and one of the largest wasp species in North America. It preys on cicadas, impacting their populations while being largely harmless to humans. They dig burrows for nesting and have a complex life cycle with adult emergence and egg-laying in summer.

Physical Characteristics

Adult eastern cicada wasps are large, 30-40 mm (1.5 to 5.0 cm) long, with hairy, reddish and black thoraces, and black to reddish brown abdominal segments marked with light yellow stripes. The wings are brownish. Females are somewhat larger than males.

Identification Tips

Coloration superficially resembles that of yellowjacket and hornet species, but cicada killers are larger. Males have a 'pseudo-stinger' and cannot sting.

Habitat

Found in well-drained, sandy to loose clay soils in bare or grass-covered areas, often near raised sidewalks, driveways, and patios. Nests are commonly located in areas of sparse vegetation and full sun.

Distribution

North America, from Ontario (ON) to Florida (FL), South Dakota (SD) to New Mexico (NM), and into northeastern Mexico.

Diet

Larvae feed on cicadas; adults feed on flower nectar and plant sap exudates.

Life Cycle

Adults emerge in summer (late June to early July), die off by September or October. One generation occurs per year; larvae overwinter in cocoons.

Reproduction

Females lay one egg on a paralyzed cicada in each nest cell. Male eggs are laid on a single cicada, while female eggs may have two to three cicadas for additional food.

Predators

The cicada killer is frequently attacked by the parasitic velvet ant wasp, Dasymutilla occidentalis.

Ecosystem Role

Cicada killers play a role in natural control of cicada populations, benefiting deciduous trees.

Health Concerns

Although they may appear intimidating and possess a powerful sting, females rarely sting humans unless handled roughly. Males lack venom.

Evolution

Part of the genus Sphecius which includes 21 species worldwide, with diversity in North America.

Similar Taxa

• Sphecius convallis
• Sphecius grandis
• Sphecius hogardii
• Sphecius spectabilis

Misconceptions

Often mistaken for hornets; males appear aggressive but cannot sting.

Tags

• Cicada Killer
• Wasp
• Sphecius speciosus
• Entomology
• Insect
• Pollinator