Froghoppers
Cercopidae
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Hemiptera
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- Infraorder: Cicadomorpha
- Superfamily: Cercopoidea
- Family: Cercopidae
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Cercopidae: //sɛrˈkoʊpɪdiː//
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Images
Summary
Cercopidae, or froghoppers, are the largest family in the Cicadomorpha, known for their xylem-feeding habits and the spittle produced by nymphs. Recent taxonomy updates have led to the elevation of certain subfamilies and reclassification of some genera based on phylogenetic findings.
Physical Characteristics
Cercopidae, commonly known as froghoppers or spittlebugs, are xylem-feeding insects characterized by their stout bodies and ability to produce foam (spittle) that protects their nymphs.
Identification Tips
Froghoppers can be identified by their distinctive leap and the spittle masses they create. They are usually small, robust insects, often green or brown, blending into their environments.
Habitat
They predominantly inhabit grassy areas and shrublands where they can feed on plant xylem.
Distribution
Cercopidae are found worldwide with a high diversity of species in tropical regions. A number of species have been recorded from the southwestern U.S. and Mexico.
Diet
Cercopidae are sap-sucking insects that feed primarily on plant xylem.
Life Cycle
The life cycle involves egg, nymph, and adult stages, with nymphs developing in spittle masses that shield them from predators and desiccation.
Reproduction
Reproduction is sexual, with eggs laid in plant tissue or in the soil, depending on the species.
Predators
Their natural predators include various birds, spiders, and other insectivorous animals.
Ecosystem Role
As xylem-feeding insects, Cercopidae play a role in nutrient cycling within their ecosystems but can also be significant as herbivores affecting plant health.
Collecting Methods
- Net sweeping
- Light trapping
- Hand collecting
Preservation Methods
- Ethanol storage
- Drying and mounting on pins
Evolution
Recent studies have suggested a close evolutionary tie of the Cercopidae to other families within the Cicadomorpha group, with notable reclassifications based on molecular phylogenetics.
Similar Taxa
- Aphrophoridae
- Machaerotidae
Tags
- Froghoppers
- Spittlebugs
- Cercopidae
- Hemiptera