Pyrgotidae
Loew, 1868
Scarab Pursuing Flies, Pyrgotid Flies
Genus Guides
5- Boreothrinax
- Pyrgota(waved light fly)
- Pyrgotella
- Sphecomyiella
- Stenopyrgota
is a of endoparasitoid flies within the superfamily Tephritoidea. Unusual among , they lack ocelli entirely—one of only two families with this trait. Most display patterned wings with bands or spots. Females pursue scarab beetles in to deposit beneath the , where larvae develop internally and eventually kill the . The family has a worldwide distribution with approximately 67 species in Australia alone and 59 species in 13 in the Neotropics.



Pronunciation
How to pronounce Pyrgotidae: //pɪərˈɡɒtɪˌdiː//
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Identification
Distinguished from other Tephritoidea by the complete absence of ocelli. Most have patterned wings with bands or spots, earning them the "picture-winged" flies. The is further distinguished by their endoparasitoid lifestyle, which is unique among tephritoid flies.
Images
Distribution
Worldwide distribution. Documented from Australia (67 in 18 ), Chile (3 species in 2 genera), Colombia (first record of Pyrgota longipes), Uruguay (Leptopyrgota albitarsis), and the United States (genera Pyrgota and Sphecomyiella common in areas with abundant beetles). Neotropical fauna comprises 59 species in 13 genera.
Seasonality
Primarily . Activity coincides with abundance and seasonal conditions suitable for scarab beetles.
Host Associations
- Scarabaeidae - endoparasitoidlarvae are in the of scarab beetles; specifically noted include Phyllophaga (June beetles)
Life Cycle
Females pursue scarab beetles in and lay a single on the 's back under the where it cannot be reached. The egg hatches and the larva enters the body cavity, feeding internally and eventually killing the before pupating.
Behavior
Females actively pursue beetles in to oviposit. Primarily and frequently attracted to artificial lights. Mating pairs have been observed engaging in prolonged mouthpart contact described as "French kissing" .
Ecological Role
agent of scarab beetle . As specialized endoparasitoids, they help regulate scarab beetle abundance in where both occur.
Human Relevance
Some can be locally common in agricultural or residential areas where their beetles (such as Phyllophaga) are abundant. Their attraction to artificial lights makes them noticeable to humans in such settings.
Similar Taxa
- TephritidaeAlso picture-winged flies with patterned wings, but distinguished by 's endoparasitoid lifestyle versus or herbivory in Tephritidae, and by the absence of ocelli in Pyrgotidae.
- UlidiidaeOther picture-winged flies in Tephritoidea, but differ in lacking ocelli and in being endoparasitoids rather than saprophages or herbivores.
Sources and further reading
- BugGuide
- Wikipedia
- GBIF taxonomy match
- iNaturalist taxon
- NCBI Taxonomy
- Catalogue of Life
- “62nd” Annual “Season-Opener-Birthday-Bug-Collecting-Trip” | Beetles In The Bush
- woodlands | Beetles In The Bush
- Missouri | Beetles In The Bush | Page 6
- FAMILY PYRGOTIDAE
- A review of Australian Pyrgotidae (Diptera)
- Catalogue of Pyrgotidae (Diptera: Tephritoidea) from Chile
- A phylogeny of Carrerapyrgota Aczél (Diptera, Pyrgotidae)
- Revision of the Neotropical genus Carrerapyrgota Aczél (Diptera, Pyrgotidae) with the description of two new species
- First record of Pyrgotidae (Diptera, Tephritoidea) from Uruguay with two new synonyms in the genus Leptopyrgota Hendel