Signal Flies
Platystomatidae
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Diptera
- Superfamily: Tephritoidea
- Family: Platystomatidae
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Platystomatidae: //ˌplætɪstoʊˈmætɪˌdiː//
These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.
Images
Summary
The Platystomatidae, or signal flies, are a distinctive and diverse family of flies within the superfamily Tephritoidea, featuring over 1,000 species predominantly found in tropical regions. They vary in size and exhibit interesting morphological traits, including unusual structures tied to their social interactions.
Physical Characteristics
Variable in external appearance; body length ranges from 3-12 mm. Often have metallic body colors and patterned faces and wings. Males typically have five visible abdominal segments, while females have six. Unique features include deep antennal grooves divided by a median keel, and bristles on the radial vein 4+5.
Identification Tips
Can be distinguished from similar families (Ulidiidae and Tephritidae) by wing venation.
Habitat
Adults commonly found on tree trunks and foliage; associated with flowers, decaying fruit, excrement, sweat, and decomposing snails. Larvae inhabit fresh and decaying vegetation, carrion, human corpses, and root nodules.
Distribution
Worldwide, most common in the tropics; largest concentrations in the Australasian and Afrotropical regions.
Diet
Adults are attracted to nectar and decomposing organic matter; larvae are phytophagous or saprophagous, with some predatory on other insects.
Life Cycle
Life cycle details are not specified, but typically includes both adult and larval stages occupying diverse habitats.
Reproduction
Reproductive habits were not detailed; however, some species display complex social and agonistic behaviors.
Ecosystem Role
Adults contribute to pollination; larvae perform decomposition of organic matter, playing a role in nutrient cycling.
Economic Impact
Some larvae, particularly in the genus Rivellia, have economic implications for agriculture, especially with legume crops.
Evolution
Displays various morphological adaptations, including eyestalks and behaviors that serve social and sexual functions; examples include convergent evolution with Diopsidae.
Misconceptions
The term 'Picture-Winged Flies' is not recommended for this family, as it more commonly refers to the Ulidiidae.
Tags
- Platystomatidae
- Signal Flies
- Diptera
- Entomology
- Biodiversity