Trickle Midges
Thaumaleidae
Classification
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Hexapoda
- Class: Insecta
- Order: Diptera
- Infraorder: Culicomorpha
- Family: Thaumaleidae
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Thaumaleidae: /θɔːˌmæliˈɪdiː/
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Summary
Thaumaleidae, also known as trickle midges, are a small family of nematoceran flies closely related to other dipteran families. They are generally small, with both larvae and adults found in specific aquatic habitats, with a worldwide distribution but predominantly in temperate regions.
Physical Characteristics
Adults 2-4.5 mm long, small and stocky, ranging from yellow to brown in color. Adults are recognized by the few (seven) veins reaching the margin, the costa running around the entire margin, absence of ocelli, and short antennae no longer than the head.
Identification Tips
Check for the seven veins reaching the margin and the absence of ocelli on adults; larvae can be differentiated from similar families by unpaired prolegs and specific head and spiracle structures.
Habitat
Larvae inhabit vertical, thin water films alongside waterfalls and torrents, commonly found on wet rocks in shaded areas. Adults are typically found near the larval habitat, often under bridges over smaller streams.
Distribution
Predominantly temperate areas of both hemispheres, with a notable presence in northern US and Canada.
Diet
Larvae feed on diatoms found on wet rocks.
Life Cycle
Little is known about the complete life cycle, but larvae are found in thin water films, and adults emerge usually close to larval habitats.
Ecosystem Role
Larvae play a role in the aquatic ecosystem by grazing on diatoms which can help manage algal growth.
Evolution
The family name Thaumaleidae was established by Bezzi in 1913, based on the earlier synonym Thaumalea, which has been generally accepted since then.
Similar Taxa
Tags
- Thaumaleidae
- Midges
- Insects
- Diptera
- Aquatic