Axymyiidae

Classification

Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Infraorder: Bibionomorpha
Family: Axymyiidae

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Axymyiidae: //æksɪˈmɪɪəˌdiː//

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Summary

The family Axymyiidae contains three extant genera and is known for its unique morphological features, particularly in its wing structure and eye anatomy. They are primarily found in decomposing wood in Holarctic and Oriental regions.

Physical Characteristics

Axymyiidae resemble Bibionidae but have four branches of the radial vein (whereas Bibionidae have two or three). Males possess holoptic eyes with a larger dorsal part of large facets and a smaller ventral part of smaller facets. Females have separated facets with a broad frons. The head is rounded, with three ocelli on a prominence. The antennae are short with 14 to 16 segments and sparse hairs. Wings have venus with notable features: subcostal vein merges into the anterior alar margin, radial vein 1 reaches the wings' distal quarter and usually fuses with radial vein 2+3, while radial vein 4 branches before reaching the anterior crossvein. The tibiae are longer than the femora but shorter than the tarsi, with a developed empodium and pulvilli.

Identification Tips

Look for the unique wing venation with four branches of the radial vein and the specific structure of the male and female eyes.

Habitat

Larvae are found in decomposing wood.

Distribution

Holarctic & Oriental. In North America, Axymyia furcata is widespread in the eastern regions, while Plesioaxymyia vespertina is present in Washington and Alaska, and Protaxymyia thuja is found in Oregon and Washington.

Diet

Larvae feed on decomposing wood.

Ecosystem Role

Larvae play a role in decomposition by living in and feeding on decaying wood.

Evolution

The Axymyiidae family is the sole extant representative of the infraorder Axymyiomorpha, previously grouped with Bibionomorpha in older classifications. They have a rich fossil record including eight fossil species across four extinct genera.

Similar Taxa

Bibionidae