Sphindociinae

Classification

Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Superfamily: Tenebrionoidea
Family: Tetratomidae
Subfamily: Sphindociinae

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Sphindociinae: //ˌsfɪndoʊˈsaɪɪniː//

These audio files are automatically generated. While they are not always 100% accurate, they are a good starting point.

Summary

Sphindociinae is a subfamily of minute tree-fungus beetles previously classified under Ciidae, now placed in Tetratomidae. They are a single species group worldwide, primarily associated with fungi and play a role in the ecosystem.

Physical Characteristics

Minute tree-fungus beetles are tiny, about 0.5 to 5 mm (0.02 to 0.20 in) long, with a short cylindrical body that is often convex. Their coloration is usually dark brown or blackish, and they may have a smooth coat of fine short hairs or long bristly hairs. The short antennae have 8–10 segments, and the pronotum is wider than long, sometimes forming a prominent helmet-like structure. The elytra do not taper noticeably, and the legs are short, with the forelegs' tibiae often bearing characteristic extensions at the ends.

Identification Tips

To identify minute tree-fungus beetles, look for their small size, cylindrical body shape, and the characteristic helmet-like structure of the pronotum. Their dark coloration and the presence of fine hairs or bristles can also aid in identification.

Habitat

These beetles usually inhabit Polyporaceae or more rarely Corticiaceae bracket fungi, as well as coarse woody debris.

Distribution

Minute tree-fungus beetles are widespread and found in numerous warmer regions, extending as far polewards as Scandinavia.

Diet

Minute tree-fungus beetles primarily feed on fungi, burrowing into old specimens or tissue of bracket fungi.

Life Cycle

The life cycle, from egg to adult, can take as little as two months. Some species are capable of parthenogenesis.

Reproduction

Reproduction in these beetles involves laying eggs inside fungi; specific details about mating behavior are not provided.

Predators

Many predatory insects, such as rove beetles (Staphylinidae), checkered beetles (Cleridae), and parasitoid wasp larvae, prey on minute tree-fungus beetles.

Ecosystem Role

Minute tree-fungus beetles play an important role in decomposing wood and fungi, thus contributing to nutrient cycling within their ecosystems.

Economic Impact

A few species within this beetle group are considered pests of commercial fungi, including Cis chinensis, which infests dried fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum.