Paederinae

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Paederinae: /paɪˈdɛrɪniː/

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Summary

The Paederinae are a subfamily of rove beetles known for their elongated bodies and potential to cause skin irritation through their venoms. With a significant presence in North America, they occupy a range of damp habitats and act as important predators in their ecosystems.

Physical Characteristics

Rove beetles of the subfamily Paederinae are characterized by their elongate bodies and short elytra, exposing several abdominal segments. They often exhibit a range of colors and patterns, which can vary significantly among genera.

Identification Tips

Look for their elongated bodies, short wing covers (elytra), and slender legs. The presence of a powerful venom in certain species is also a distinguishing factor, especially those associated with skin irritations.

Habitat

Paederinae are typically found in damp environments such as under logs, in caves, ant nests, litter, and on foliage.

Distribution

This subfamily is present predominantly in North America, with 36 genera and 436 species identified in the region.

Diet

Paederinae primarily feed on other insects and organic matter, playing a role in controlling pest populations.

Life Cycle

Life cycles generally involve egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages, with larvae often being predaceous.

Reproduction

Reproduction typically involves laying eggs in suitable habitats where larvae can find food upon hatching.

Predators

Predators of Paederinae may include larger insects, birds, and mammals that feed on beetles.

Ecosystem Role

As predators, they help control populations of other insects, contributing to ecological balance.

Economic Impact

Some species can cause skin irritation in humans, which may lead to economic implications in terms of medical treatments and pest control efforts.

Cultural Significance

Known colloquially as Tomcat, some species have garnered attention due to their involvement in causing skin dermatitis.

Health Concerns

Certain genera produce a potent irritant known as pederin, which can result in skin irritations collectively referred to as Paederus dermatitis.

Collecting Methods

• Hand collection
• Pitfall traps
• Berlese funnel extraction

Preservation Methods

• Ethanol
• Pinned specimens
• Dry preservation in envelopes

Similar Taxa

• Staphylinidae
• Rove beetles
• Other beetle subfamilies

Misconceptions

Some people confuse Paederinae with harmless insects, not realizing that certain species can cause skin irritations due to their venom.

Tags

• Paederinae
• rove beetles
• insecta
• tomcat
• pederus dermatitis