Aleochara tristis
Gravenhorst, 1806
A small in the Aleocharinae, notable for the extreme morphological and behavioral specialization of its male reproductive anatomy. Males possess an intromittant organ disproportionately long relative to body size and have evolved a unique post-copulatory termed 'shouldering' to retract this structure. The has a broad distribution across the Palearctic and has been to North America.
Pronunciation
How to pronounce Aleochara tristis: /ˌæliːəˈkɑrə ˈtrɪstɪs/
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Images
Distribution
to the Palearctic: Europe, Russia (European part, Siberia, Far East), Armenia, Georgia, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, North Korea, North Africa, India, and China. to North America: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario, Quebec) and USA (California, Minnesota, Nebraska, Pennsylvania, Vermont).
Behavior
Male 'shouldering' : after copulation, males actively retract their elongate intromittant organ by pressing their shoulders against the substrate and performing a specialized movement. This behavior is a unique to manage an exaggerated genital structure that cannot retract passively.