Lepidocyrtinae

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Lepidocyrtinae: /ˌlɛpɪdoʊˈsɪrtɪniː/

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Summary

Lepidocyrtinae is a subfamily within the Entomobryidae family of springtails, distinguished by large size, colorful appearances, and ecological roles in soil and decomposing organic matter. They are globally distributed and play an integral part in various ecosystems but can be overlooked due to their small size and habitat preferences.

Physical Characteristics

Entomobryidae are characterized by an enlarged fourth abdominal segment and a well-developed furcula. They have a reduced prothorax lacking setae, longer antennae than the diagonal width of the head, a mandibular plate, and non-fused abdominal segments. The species may exhibit heavy scaling, colorful presentations, and sizes reaching 2 mm or more. Many display stripes or bands of blue, red, or purple, with some being entirely blue or white, often with reduced ocelli. Cave-dwelling species typically have elongated appendages and modified claws.

Identification Tips

Look for an enlarged fourth abdominal segment and well-developed furcula; the absence of setae on the prothorax and longer antennae than the head are also distinguishing features.

Habitat

Found in diverse habitats including forest floors, under leaf litter, soil, and some species in intertidal zones. They are also found in canopy faunas of trees.

Distribution

Widespread globally, with about 55 species in 2 genera in the local area and approximately 660 species in 14 genera worldwide, more than three-quarters of which are in Lepidocyrtus and Pseudosinella.

Diet

Primarily feed on pollen and fungal spores; some are saprophagous, feeding on decaying organic matter.

Predators

Prey for a variety of predators including ground beetles, lady beetle larvae, ants, crab spiders, and the shore bug Saldula saltatoria.

Ecosystem Role

Important in soil ecosystems, contributing to nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition.

Collecting Methods

• Pitfall traps
• Hand collection

Preservation Methods

• Ethanol
• Drying in a desiccator

Misconceptions

Often confused with other springtail families due to their similar morphology.

Tags

• Entomobryidae
• springtails
• Lepidocyrtinae
• soil ecology
• decomposers