Neobisioidea

Chamberlin, 1930

Neobisioidea is a superfamily of established by Chamberlin in 1930. It contains seven , including Gymnobisiidae, Hyidae, Neobisiidae, Parahyidae, and Syarinidae. Members of this superfamily exhibit diverse ecological specializations, with some restricted to moist leaf litter and others adapted to subterranean cave environments. Several families show Gondwanan distribution patterns and high levels of short-range .

Damaeus by (c) Alexis Tinker-Tsavalas, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Alexis Tinker-Tsavalas. Used under a CC-BY license.

Epidermoptidae by (c) Cricket Raspet, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Cricket Raspet. Used under a CC-BY license.

Psoroptidae by (c) Oleksii Vasyliuk, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Oleksii Vasyliuk. Used under a CC-BY license.

Pronunciation

How to pronounce Neobisioidea: //niː.oʊˌbɪ.siˈɔɪ.di.ə//

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Habitat

Predominantly moist leaf litter of forests; some lineages include troglobitic (cave-dwelling) . Gymnobisiidae in South Africa are specifically associated with coastal forest leaf litter, while Hyidae include both epigean and troglobitic species.

Distribution

Gondwanan distribution spanning margins of the Indian Ocean, including South Africa, Madagascar, and northern Western Australia. South African Gymnobisiidae show small distribution ranges with short-range ; most have restricted ranges except Gymnobisium quadrispinosum. Hyidae occur across Indian Ocean margins with all Indohya species being short-range .

Life Cycle

have been described for some Hyidae , including Hya minuta and Indohya gollum.

Behavior

Low ability or high specificity has been observed in some lineages. Lack of dense, shaded vegetation between isolated forest acts as a dispersal barrier for certain .

Similar Taxa

CheliferoideaBoth are superfamilies within Pseudoscorpiones; Neobisioidea can be distinguished by belonging to suborder Iocheirata with glands in the , whereas Cheliferoidea belongs to suborder Epiocheirata.

More Details

Family composition

The superfamily contains seven : Bochidae, Gymnobisiidae, Hyidae, Ideoroncidae, Neobisiidae, Parahyidae, and Syarinidae.

Phylogenetic position

Hyidae occupies a central position within Neobisioidea, phylogenetically intermediate between a clade containing Bochidae and Ideoroncidae, and a clade containing Gymnobisiidae, Neobisiidae, Parahyidae, and Syarinidae.

Conservation concern

Multiple within Neobisioidea are short-range threatened by loss, including Gymnobisium cuneatum, G. hogsbackense, and the troglobitic G. inukshuk in South Africa.