Tortricidae

Definition

A large family of moths (order Lepidoptera, superfamily Tortricoidea) comprising more than 11,000 described species, commonly called tortrix moths or leafroller moths. Adults typically rest with wings folded roof-like over the body, creating a rounded, bell-shaped silhouette. The family is divided into three subfamilies—Tortricinae, Olethreutinae, and Chlidanotinae—and includes numerous economically significant agricultural and forestry pests whose larvae roll, fold, or tie leaves to form shelters while feeding.

Etymology

From the type genus Tortrix (Latin 'twister,' referring to the larval habit of rolling leaves) + family suffix -idae.

Example

The codling moth (Cydia pomonella, subfamily Olethreutinae) is a notorious tortricid pest of apple and pear orchards worldwide; its larvae tunnel into fruit, rendering it unmarketable.

Synonyms

• Olethreutidae (junior synonym)

Related Terms

• Lepidoptera
• Tortricoidea
• leafroller
• Tortricinae
• Olethreutinae
• Cnephasiini
• Archips
• Choristoneura
• Cydia

Usage Notes

The family name is always capitalized and italicized (Tortricidae) as a formal taxon. The common names 'tortrix moth' and 'leafroller moth' apply broadly across the family, though individual species may have more specific common names. The subfamily Olethreutinae (formerly treated as family Olethreutidae) contains many of the most damaging pest species. Larval leaf-rolling behavior is diagnostic but not universal; some tortricids bore into stems, fruits, or buds instead.