Mantidae

Definition

A large family of mantises (order Mantodea) historically encompassing most of the order's diversity but now restricted following elevation of several subfamilies to family rank. Based on the type genus Mantis (including the European praying mantis, Mantis religiosa), Mantidae now includes primarily the more robust, often larger mantises with raptorial forelegs bearing a well-developed discoidal spines on the femora. The family's circumscription has narrowed considerably in recent classifications, with groups such as the flower mantises (formerly Vatinae) and bark mantises (formerly Tarachodinae) now often treated as separate families.

Etymology

New Latin, from Mantis (type genus) + -idae (family suffix)

Example

Mantis religiosa, the European praying mantis, belongs to Mantidae, whereas the orchid mantis Hymenopus coronatus is now placed in Hymenopodidae, a family elevated from former subfamily status.

Synonyms

• mantids (in strict technical usage)

Related Terms

• Mantodea
• Mantis
• Iridopterygidae
• Hymenopodidae
• Empusidae
• mantid
• praying mantis

Usage Notes

The term 'mantid' technically refers only to members of Mantidae, though colloquially it is often applied to any mantis regardless of family. The family's boundaries remain fluid; some authorities retain a broad Mantidae with numerous subfamilies, while others recognize many of these as distinct families. When precise identification matters, specify the family rather than using 'mantid' loosely.