Gypsy moth

Definition

A common name for Lymantria dispar, a polyphagous moth in the family Erebidae native to Europe and Asia and invasive in North America, South America, and Africa. The larvae feed on numerous deciduous and coniferous tree species and can cause extensive defoliation during outbreak years, making this species a major forest pest and a listed member of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species.

Etymology

From 'gypsy,' a dated ethnic term, plus 'moth'; the name alludes to perceived wandering behavior of larvae. 'Spongy moth' is now the preferred common name in some jurisdictions to avoid the ethnic slur.

Example

In outbreak years in the northeastern United States, gypsy moth larvae can completely defoliate oak and maple stands, leaving trees vulnerable to secondary pathogens and reducing timber yields.

Synonyms

• spongy moth
• Lymantria dispar

Related Terms

• Lymantria dispar dispar
• Lymantria dispar japonica
• Erebidae
• defoliator
• Invasive species
• polyphagy
• forest pest
• Biological control
• Bt kurstaki

Usage Notes

The common name 'gypsy moth' is increasingly replaced by 'spongy moth' in North American regulatory and educational contexts due to the ethnic slur in the original name. Specialists typically use the scientific name Lymantria dispar to avoid ambiguity, particularly when distinguishing the European subspecies L. d. dispar from the Asian subspecies L. d. japonica, which differ in female flight capability and host preferences.