Anthocoridae

Definition

A family of predatory true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) commonly known as minute pirate bugs or flower bugs, characterized by their small size (typically 1.5–5 mm), oval to elongate bodies, and raptorial forelegs adapted for seizing prey. The family comprises 500–600 described species worldwide, with adults and nymphs feeding primarily on thrips, mites, aphids, whiteflies, and other small arthropods, as well as insect eggs; some species also consume pollen and plant juices.

Etymology

From Greek anthos (flower) + korax (raven, plunderer), referring to their flower-associated habits and predatory behavior.

Example

Orius insidiosus, a common anthocorid in North American agroecosystems, is released as a biocontrol agent in greenhouses to suppress thrips and spider mite populations on vegetable and ornamental crops.

Synonyms

• Minute pirate bugs
• flower bugs

Related Terms

• Heteroptera
• Hemiptera
• Biological control
• predatory bugs
• Orius
• Triphleps
• Anthocoris

Usage Notes

The common name 'minute pirate bug' reflects both their diminutive size and predatory habits; 'flower bug' refers to their frequent occurrence on blossoms where they hunt prey and sometimes feed on pollen. Anthocoridae are distinguished from other predatory heteropteran families (e.g., Nabidae, Reduviidae) by their smaller size, less robust raptorial forelegs, and generally broader host range. Species in the genus Orius are among the most economically important for augmentative biological control programs.