Scutelleridae

Common Name

Shield-backed bugs or jewel bugs

Overview

Scutelleridae, commonly known as shield-backed bugs or jewel bugs, belong to the order Hemiptera. They are closely related to stink bugs and are known for their brightly colored, often metallic, exoskeletons that can resemble jewels.

Taxonomy

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Arthropoda
• Class: Insecta
• Order: Hemiptera
• Suborder: Heteroptera
• Infraorder: Pentatomomorpha
• Superfamily: Pentatomoidea
• Family: Scutelleridae

Key Characteristics

• Size: Typically 5-20 mm
• Shape: Oval to broadly oval
• Coloration: Often metallic; colors include green, blue, and red
• Scutellum: Large and covers most of the abdomen
• Antennae: Usually five-segmented
• Distinguishing Feature: Phytophagous; feeding primarily on plant sap

Life Cycle

• Egg: Deposited on plant surfaces
• Nymph: Multiple nymphal stages, each resembling a miniature adult
• Adult: Attains full coloration and pattern after final molt

Behavior and Ecology

• Habitat: Prefers warm, temperate regions; found in gardens, fields, and forests
• Diet: Sap-sucking; primarily feeds on plants including crops like rice and grains
• Predation: Preyed upon by birds, ants, and parasitoid wasps
• Defense Mechanism: Capable of producing foul-smelling chemicals to deter predators

Notable Species

1. Chrysocoris stolli
2. Calidea dregii
3. Poecilocoris latus

Conservation

Most species within the Scutelleridae family are not currently considered at risk. However, habitat destruction and pesticide use can impact local populations.

Significance to Humans

• Agricultural Impact: Some species can be pests of economic importance, especially in agriculture
• Aesthetic Value: Their vibrant, metallic colors make them subjects of interest for entomologists and insect enthusiasts.

Fun Facts

• They are often mistaken for beetles due to their hard, shiny exoskeleton.
• Some species in this family exhibit parental care, guarding eggs and young nymphs.
• Their vibrant colors are not scientifically understood but may be due to structural coloration.
• Known for their relatively slow movement in comparison to other Hemiptera.
• Jewel bugs are named for their ornate and colorful appearances, resembling precious stones.