Dolicopodidae

Common Name

Long-legged flies

Overview

FamilyDolichopodidae, commonly known as long-legged flies, encompasses a vast array of species characterized by their slender bodies and elongated legs. These flies are often metallic in appearance and play essential roles in various ecosystems?

Taxonomy

Key Characteristics

  • Slender, elongated bodies
  • Long legs, particularly pronounced in males
  • Often metallic green, blue, or copper in color
  • Typically small to medium-sized (2-9 mm)
  • Antennae with a distinct arista

Life Cycle

Dolichopodidae undergo complete metamorphosis:

  1. Egg: Laid on substrates such as plants or in water.
  2. Larva: Aquatic or terrestrial, feeding on small invertebrates.
  3. Pupa: Pupation occurs in moist soil or water.
  4. Adult: Emerges with fully formed wings and legs, ready to feed and reproduce.

Behavior and Ecology

  • Predatory in both larval and adult stages, feeding on smaller insects and larvae.
  • Found in habitats ranging from forests and wetlands to urban gardens.
  • Significant role in controlling pest populations.
  • Courtship often involves complex displays, including wing and leg movements.

Notable Species

  • Dolichopus latipennis: Widely studied for its distinct mating behaviors.
  • Medetera impigra: Known for its role in biological control, preying on bark beetle larvae.

Conservation

Generally, Dolichopodidae are not under significant threat, but habitat destruction and pollution can impact local populations. Conservation efforts focus on habitat preservation.

Significance to Humans

  • Biological control agents, reducing the need for chemical pesticides.
  • Indicators of environmental quality, particularly water quality for aquatic species.

Fun Fact Section

  • Dolichopodidae can be found on every continent except Antarctica.
  • Some species have iridescent wings that reflect light in striking patterns.
  • The metallic sheen is due to microscopic structures, not pigments.
  • Courtship displays can involve intricate dances and wing vibrations.
  • These flies have been known to remove mites from their bodies using their long legs like cleaning tools.