Cossidae

Common Name

Goat Moths

Overview

Cossidae is a family of moths known for their robust bodies and larval wood-boring habits. These moths are distributed worldwide and include some of the largest species in the moth order, Lepidoptera.

Taxonomy

  • Order : Lepidoptera
  • Superfamily : Cossoidea
  • Family : Cossidae

Key Characteristics

  • Stout-bodied moths
  • Grey or brown coloration, often with cryptic patterns
  • Feathered antennae
  • Larvae are wood-borers
  • Often large size, with wingspans ranging from 3 to 15 centimeters

Life Cycle

  • Egg : Female moths lay eggs on or near host plants.
  • Larvae : Bore into wood or stems of host plants, where they can remain for months or even years.
  • Pupae : Develop in the wood or soil near the host plant.
  • Adult : Emerges from the pupae to mate and lay eggs; relatively short-lived.

Behavior and Ecology

  • Larvae are wood-borers and can cause significant damage to trees
  • Adults are nocturnal and are attracted to lights
  • Some species have larvae that bore into the wood of economically important trees

Notable Species

  • Cossus cossus (Goat Moth): Found in Europe and known for the strong odor produced by the larvae
  • Zeuzera pyrina (Leopard Moth): Found in Europe and parts of Asia, recognizable by its white wings with black spots
  • Comadia redtenbacheri (Aguacate Moth): Found in Mexico, larvae feed on the stems of agave plants

Conservation

Some species are considered pests and are managed to prevent tree damage. Conservation measures are typically not a priority except for preserving biodiversity in natural habitats.

Significance to Humans

  • Can be pests in forestry and agriculture
  • Some species have larval stages that are edible and form part of traditional diets in various cultures

Fun Facts

  • "Goat" Name Origin : The name "goat moth" comes from the strong, goat-like odor emitted by some larvae.
  • Wood Artists : Their larvae can create intricate tunnels in wood, sometimes used artistically by woodworkers.
  • Long Life : Larvae can live several years inside wood before emerging as adults.
  • Big Wingspans : Some species have wingspans as large as 15 centimeters, making them among the largest moths.