Y chromosome

Definition

A sex-determining chromosome found in many male organisms, including humans and certain insect species, playing a crucial role in male development and reproduction.

Etymology

The term 'chromosome' is derived from the Greek 'chroma', meaning 'color', and 'soma', meaning 'body', referring to the stained appearance of chromosomes under light microscopy. The letter 'Y' was used to distinguish it from the 'X' chromosome, following the alphabetical nomenclature.

Example

In fruit flies (Drosophila), the presence of a Y chromosome makes the fly male.

Related Terms

• X chromosome
• Sex determination
• Genetic inheritance
• Sex chromosomes

Usage Notes

The Y chromosome carries genes that are essential for male differentiation and development. It is passed from father to son, making it a tool for tracing paternal lineage in evolutionary studies.