Swallowtail butterflies

Definition

Members of the butterfly family Papilionidae, characterized by large size, often vivid coloration, and frequently by tail-like extensions on the hindwings. The family comprises over 550 species with greatest diversity in tropical regions, though representatives occur on every continent except Antarctica. Papilionidae includes the largest extant butterflies, such as the birdwing butterflies (genus Ornithoptera).

Etymology

From the tail-like extensions on the hindwings of many species, resembling the forked tail of a swallow.

Example

The tiger swallowtail (Papilio glaucus) and the pipevine swallowtail (Battus philenor) are common North American species; the latter is a Müllerian mimic of the unpalatable pipevine swallowtail, while the former is a Batesian mimic of the distasteful model.

Synonyms

• Papilionids

Related Terms

• Papilionidae
• Birdwing butterflies
• Lepidoptera
• Mimicry
• Hindwing tails
• Ornithoptera

Usage Notes

In strict taxonomic usage, refers specifically to family Papilionidae, not merely any butterfly with tailed hindwings (some Lycaenidae and Nymphalidae also bear tails). The term is sometimes applied more loosely in popular writing to any large, showy butterfly. 'Swallowtail' alone may refer to individual species or the group generally; context determines specificity.