Scaly leg mite

Definition

A parasitic mite that burrows under the scales of birds' legs and feet, causing hyperkeratosis, crusting, and lameness; the common name refers primarily to Knemidokoptes mutans (family Knemidokoptidae, order Sarcoptiformes), though related Knemidokoptes species cause similar pathology on other body regions.

Etymology

From the characteristic scaly, proliferative leg lesions produced in galliform and passerine hosts.

Example

In backyard poultry flocks, heavy infestations of scaly leg mites can cause digit deformity and secondary bacterial infections, with transmission occurring through direct contact or contaminated perches.

Synonyms

• leg mite
• depluming mite (when K. gallinae on feather shafts)

Related Terms

• Knemidokoptes
• Sarcoptiformes
• acariasis
• hyperkeratosis
• avian parasitology
• mite
• Ectoparasite

Usage Notes

The common name is host-site specific rather than taxonomically precise; K. mutans also affects the comb and wattles in severe cases, while congeneric species (e.g., K. pilae on parrots, K. jamaicensis on todies) produce analogous lesions on beak, cere, or feather follicles. Diagnosis requires microscopic examination of skin scrapings. Not to be confused with Dermanyssus gallinae (poultry red mite), a blood-feeding mesostigmatid that remains on the host only briefly.