Rhipicephalus sanguineus

Definition

A cosmopolitan hard tick (family Ixodidae) commonly known as the brown dog tick or kennel tick. Distinguished by its reddish-brown color, elongated body, and hexagonal basis capituli. Unusual among ixodids for its ability to complete its entire three-host life cycle indoors, making it a persistent pest in kennels, homes, and veterinary facilities. Adults measure 2.3–3.2 mm in length. Principal vector of Ehrlichia canis (canine monocytic ehrlichiosis) and capable of transmitting Rickettsia rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) to humans.

Etymology

New Latin: Rhipicephalus (from Greek rhipis 'fan' + kephalē 'head', referring to the capitulum shape) + sanguineus 'blood-red', describing the tick's coloration.

Example

Infestations of Rhipicephalus sanguineus in animal shelters often require integrated pest management combining acaricide treatment of dogs with environmental control of cracks and crevices where engorged females oviposit.

Synonyms

• Brown dog tick
• kennel tick
• pantropical dog tick

Related Terms

• Ixodidae
• hard tick
• three-host tick
• Ehrlichia canis
• Rickettsia rickettsii
• basis capituli
• vector-borne disease
• acarology
• tick-borne pathogen

Usage Notes

The name has been applied to multiple cryptic species or lineages; molecular studies suggest the 'R. sanguineus sensu lato' complex contains several distinct species with different geographic ranges and host associations. The 1806 Latreille description is generally accepted as the valid authority for the nominate form.