Meloidae

Definition

A family of soft-bodied beetles (order Coleoptera, superfamily Tenebrionoidea) containing approximately 2,500 species worldwide, commonly known as blister beetles. Members are characterized by the production of cantharidin, a potent vesicant (blistering agent) synthesized as a chemical defense against predators. Many species exhibit aposematic coloration advertising their toxicity. Larvae are typically hypermetamorphic, with mobile triungulin instars that often parasitize bee nests or grasshopper egg pods.

Etymology

From Meloe, the type genus; origin obscure, possibly from Greek μέλω (to probe or care for a wound) or an alteration of Latin molestus (troublesome), referring to liquid released when beetles are disturbed.

Example

The striped blister beetle (Epicauta vittata) is a common agricultural pest in the family Meloidae; when crushed in hay, it can poison horses that ingest the contaminated feed.

Synonyms

• blister beetles

Related Terms

• Cantharidin
• Hypermetamorphosis
• triungulin
• Coleoptera
• Tenebrionoidea
• aposematic coloration
• Meloe
• Epicauta

Usage Notes

Used as a proper noun in taxonomic contexts; the common name 'blister beetle' refers to the entire family but is sometimes applied loosely to other cantharidin-producing beetles. The family contains four recognized subfamilies: Eleticinae, Meloinae, Nemognathinae, and Tetraonycinae. Meloidae is distinguished from related families Oedemeridae (false blister beetles) and Staphylinidae (rove beetles) by its chemical defense system and larval biology.