Melanoplus differentialis

Definition

A species of short-horned grasshopper in the family Acrididae, native to northern Mexico, the central United States, and southern Ontario, Canada. A polyphagous agricultural pest that feeds on grasses, forage crops, and garden vegetables; populations can reach outbreak densities in disturbed habitats and cultivated fields.

Etymology

Genus Melanoplus from Greek melano- (black) + plous (sail or wing), referring to dark wing coloration in many species; specific epithet differentialis Latin for 'differential' or 'distinctive', likely referring to morphological differences from congeners.

Example

Outbreaks of Melanoplus differentialis in the Great Plains can defoliate corn and soybean fields, with adults migrating in swarms when local food sources are depleted.

Synonyms

• Differential grasshopper

Related Terms

• Melanoplus
• Acrididae
• Orthoptera
• Grasshopper
• Outbreak
• polyphagy
• pest species

Usage Notes

Often confused with other Melanoplus species such as M. femurrubrum (red-legged grasshopper) or M. sanguinipes (migratory grasshopper), from which it can be distinguished by the black chevrons on the hind femora and the yellowish hind tibiae. Subspecies M. d. nigricans (darker western form) recognized by some authorities.