Lanceolate

Definition

Tapering to a point at both ends, shaped like a lance head; widest below the middle and narrowing gradually toward the apex and more abruptly toward the base. In arthropods, describes elongated body parts—wings, elytra, abdomens, setae, or egg cases—that are slender, symmetrical, and acuminate at the distal end without the pronounced curvature of falcate or the parallel margins of linear.

Etymology

From Latin lancea (lance) + -atus (provided with), referring to the spear-shaped outline.

Example

The forewings of many damselflies (Zygoptera) are lanceolate, tapering evenly from a broad base to a narrow, pointed apex, contrasting with the broader, more triangular hindwings of dragonflies (Anisoptera).

Synonyms

• lance-shaped
• spear-shaped

Related Terms

• linear
• falcate
• Ensiform
• acuminate
• attenuate
• cuneate
• oblanceolate

Usage Notes

Distinguished from linear (parallel-sided) by the distinct taper, and from falcate (sickle-shaped) by the straight or only gently curved margins. Oblanceolate reverses the proportions: widest above the middle. In entomological descriptions, lanceolate typically implies bilateral symmetry and gradual taper; use narrowly lanceolate or broadly lanceolate to specify degree.