Gryllidae

Definition

A family of insects in the order Orthoptera comprising the true crickets, characterized by long, thread-like antennae, enlarged hind legs adapted for jumping, and sound production by stridulation of the forewings. Historically a broader grouping, Gryllidae has been narrowed through taxonomic revision; former members such as tree crickets (Oecanthidae), camel crickets (Rhaphidophoridae), and ground crickets (Trigonidiidae) are now treated as separate families. The family includes familiar field crickets, house crickets, and bush crickets in the strict sense.

Etymology

From Gryllus (type genus, from Latin gryllus 'cricket') + -idae (family suffix).

Example

Acheta domesticus, the house cricket, is the most widely cultured species in Gryllidae for pet food and research.

Synonyms

• true crickets

Related Terms

• Orthoptera
• Ensifera
• Grylloidea
• Gryllus
• cricket
• stridulation
• Oecanthidae
• Rhaphidophoridae
• Trigonidiidae

Usage Notes

The scope of Gryllidae has contracted significantly; older literature may use the name to include groups now placed in separate families (tree crickets, camel crickets, etc.). In modern taxonomy, Gryllidae sensu stricto excludes these and is restricted to the core cricket lineages. Distinguish from 'cricket' as a vernacular term, which may encompass several Ensiferan families.