Grape root borer

Definition

A clearwing moth (Vitacea polistiformis, family Sesiidae) whose larvae tunnel into and feed on the roots of grapevines (Vitis spp.), causing significant yield losses in vineyards across the midwestern and southern United States. Adults are Batesian mimics of paper wasps (Polistes), with dark wings, yellow-banded abdomens, and wasp-like flight that deters predators.

Etymology

From the host plant (grape) and larval habit of boring into roots.

Example

In Florida vineyards, grape root borer infestations can reduce productivity by up to 47%, prompting research into acoustic detection of soil-dwelling larvae.

Synonyms

• Vitacea polistiformis

Related Terms

• Sesiidae
• clearwing moth
• root borer
• Batesian mimicry
• Vitacea scepsiformis
• Integrated Pest Management
• vineyard pest

Usage Notes

Refers specifically to V. polistiformis; the related species V. scepsiformis (lesser grape root borer) causes similar damage but is smaller and has a more restricted range. The common name is sometimes applied loosely to either species in viticulture contexts. Distinguish from cane borers and other Vitis pests that attack above-ground tissues.