Expulsion of tracheal air

Pronunciation
/ik-SPUHL-shun of TRAY-kee-ul air/
Category
Physiology

Definition

The active discharge of air from the tracheal system during the expiratory phase of ventilatory movements in insects, driven by abdominal compression or dorsoventral thoracic flexion that increases internal pressure and forces gas outward through the .

Etymology

Latin expellere (to drive out) + Greek tracheia (rough, windpipe) + Old English air

Example

In large flying such as scarabs, expulsion of tracheal air through the mesothoracic during wing elevation helps unidirectionally flush carbon dioxide while minimizing convective cooling of the thoracic muscles.

Synonyms

  • air expulsion
  • tracheal discharge

Related Terms

  • tracheal ventilation
  • Spiracle
  • abdominal pumping
  • unidirectional airflow
  • tracheal system
  • respiratory cycle
  • convective respiration

Usage Notes

Distinguished from passive diffusion by its dependence on muscular activity and pressure gradients; often paired with 'aspiration of tracheal air' to describe the complete ventilatory cycle. The term is typically used in comparative studies of insect respiratory mechanics and is especially relevant for large or active where diffusion alone is insufficient.