Cutworm

Definition

A caterpillar (larva of a noctuid or related moth) that severs plant stems at or below the soil surface, typically feeding nocturnally and hiding in soil or debris by day. The term describes a feeding habit and ecological guild rather than a monophyletic taxon, encompassing larvae of several moth genera including Agrotis, Euxoa, and Noctua.

Etymology

From the larva's habit of cutting through the stem of seedlings, causing the plant to collapse.

Example

Black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) larvae can destroy entire stands of corn seedlings by girdling stems at the soil line, requiring preventive insecticide application or physical barriers.

Synonyms

• surface-feeder (larval ecology context)

Related Terms

• Armyworm
• Wireworm
• seedling pest
• noctuid
• stem borer
• subterranean pest

Usage Notes

Not a taxonomic group; cutworms are polyphyletic, with convergent behavior across Noctuidae and some other moth families. Distinguished from borers (tunnel inside stems) and from armyworms (climb and defoliate foliage). Some species are climbing cutworms that feed above ground. Control strategies target the vulnerable seedling stage and nocturnal surface activity.